So, when you fill up your seed feeders and plant fruit-bearing trees and shrubs, feel good you are doing a harmonious and life-enhancing act. Surprising? I think so.Īll of this points to yet another reason to plant native fruit-bearing trees and shrubs. Studies have shown that urban landscapes, contain nearly three times the amount of fruit and nearby bird feeders than in rural areas. It is thought the cardinal does well because of increased fruit resources primarily from exotic and invasive fruit species (such as multiflora rose and Amur honeysuckle), abundance of bird feeders, more nesting sites in shrubbery and small trees, and warmer winter temperatures caused by conditions such as the abundance of concrete. See also The Relationship Between Birds, Berries and Fruit Male Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), in my gardenĬardinals are known to do well in urbanized areas. So, the fruits and berries that cardinals eat may contribute heavily to the deep rich red plumage that we see during the breeding season. The “wild”, fruit which contains even more carotenoids than yellow seeds, help create brilliantly red cardinals. The seeds, even though they aren’t red in color, contain the organic compound carotenoid. In scientific studies, male cardinals were feed a seed-heavy diet without the heavy fruit-based diet that they eat during the molting season. Without wild fruit in their diet, the red plumage was less brilliant and less shocking. In cardinals, carotenoids can accumulate in the cell of growing feathers and depending on a few factors, will appear as a bright red color in the plumage of a male cardinal. Cardinals get carotenoids from the seeds and fruits they eat. Male Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), in my gardenįor cardinals, their bright red color is highly dependent on their diets. Sometimes carotenoids are stored in egg yolks, body fat and as oil gland secretions. Carotenoid pigments can accumulate in the body and be modified and used by the body in different ways. Porphyrins are fairly common in the reddish and brownish feathers of owls and bustards.Ĭarotenoids produce red, yellow, and oranges. Porphyrin is an unstable element and is easily destroyed by sunlight. Porphyrins, an organic chemical compound, produce bright brown, green and magenta colors. All birds have melanin in their feathers which produces the earth tones of grays, blacks, browns and buff colors.
Male cardinal skin#
Melanin gives humans our skin and eye colors of a wide rainbow of shades of tans, browns, grays, and blacks. Melanin is found in hair, irises of eyes, fur, skin, feathers, scales, etc. It is a substance derived from the amino acids which living beings including humans, get from their food.
Melanin is present in all forms of animal life including humans.
There are three biochrome pigments that occur in bird feathers: melanin, porphyrins and carotenoids. Feather colors come from pigments or are created by special features of feather surfaces.These pigments are called biochrome pigments, which are naturally occurring chemical compounds. Just like paint from a tube, pigments make up the colors of a bird’s feathers. So, I turned to scientific articles and here is what I found out. Male Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), in my garden But, each book I read used the flamingo as an example and didn’t speak about other birds. Something else must make the cardinals red color. I understood how that would work in a flamingo eating red crustaceans but I couldn’t figure out what local seeds a seed-eating bird like a cardinal would eat, that would create such an eye-popping red color? I thought about the black-oiled sunflower seeds, flower seeds, and tree seeds that make up the cardinals diet and none of these seeds are red in color. I heard the pink feathers of a flamingo comes from the foods the bird eats. So, I began to search for the answer and learned some fascinating details about cardinals and urban landscapes. I wondered what made it so, very, very red? I wanted to know the scientific explanation of the what caused such saturation.
I marveled at the brilliant plumage as he flew from post to fence to the bird feeder.